From the outside, addiction can seem hard to explain, frustrating, and contrary to all logic, especially when it's someone close to you with the problem. How long do you watch the harm being done before you step in? How can I help when I don't even understand what's going on?

Addiction is a chronic disease and like others can be more easily and successfully treated when recognized early. Although individuals do have to make the decision to quit for themselves, that doesn't mean you can't do anything to move the process along. Stubborn myths like, "You can't do anything unless an alcoholic wants to stop drinking" or "Drug addicts have to hit bottom before they want help" are common but not true. Friends and family members can play a major role in motivating loved ones to seek help.

When you're ready to help, you may be confused by the numerous and often conflicting advice that's out there. Let him hit bottom or get involved now? Tough love or unconditional love? A surprise intervention in the living room with all his friends or a gentle one-to-one over coffee? Which strategy is the right one?

Everyone has different needs, communication styles, reasons for using, and readiness for quitting. You know a lot about your friend's personality and may be able to choose the helping strategy that's most likely to work.

You may have to try several different approaches before something clicks. This guide offers a place to start.